Applied Psychology

Applied Psychology

Detection of Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Items Related to Soccer Players’ Technical and Tactical Performance

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
mohammad bibak 1
Mohammadbagher Kajbaf 2
Hamid Taher Nashat Doost 3
Ahmad Reza Movahedi 4
1 Phd Condidat of psychology. Univercity of Isfahan- Isfhan-Iran
2 University of Isfahan
3 Proffesor of psychology- Univercity of Isfahan-Isfahan-Iran
4 , Professor of Psychomotor learning and development, University of Isfahan-isfahan-Iran
10.48308/apsy.2022.225059.1225
Abstract
Aim:The present study aimed to detect cognitive, affective, and behavioral items related to soccer players’ technical and tactical performance. Method: The method of this study was Thematic Analysis (King, 2004). First, using exploratory study of specialized texts, units were identified and encoded and also units of each category were determined. Then by nonprobability based qualitative-purposive sampling method and via exploratory interviews with soccer players(n=25), coaches(n=11) and football specialists(n=50),  statements were identified, then a network of comprehensive themes was made and then main themes and categories were identified. Results: The themes and categories included cognitive items (20 items), affective items (13 items), behavioral items (16 items), cognitive- affective items (9 items), cognitive- behavioral items (6 items), affective- behavioral items (6 items), social items (6 items), basic items (3 items) and team items (11 items). Conclusion: Detection of cognitive, affective, and behavioral items related to soccer players’ technical and tactical performance, is useful and effective to distinguish successful soccer players, performance technical and tactical improvement, maintenance successful soccer players, counseling, injury prevention, and rehabilitation.  
Keywords
Affective Item
Behavioral Item
Cognitive Item
Football player
Sport Performance
 اسماعیل‌زاده، م.، نوشادی، ب. (1392). آنالیز حرفه ای فوتبال. تهران. انتشارات توپ.  ]پیوند[
اشمیت، ر. ای. (1392).  یادگیری حرکتی و اجرا از اصول تا تمرین. ترجمه نمازی­زاده و   واعظ­موسوی. تهران. انتشارات سمت. ]پیوند[
ایزاک. (1376). راهنمای تحقیق و ارزیابی در روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی. ترجمه دلاور. تهران. ارسباران.  ]پیوند[
پاشا شریفی، ح. (1385). اصول روان سنجی و روان آزمایی. تهران. انتشارات رشد. ]پیوند[
 ثرندایک. (1375). روان سنجی کاربردی. ترجمه هومن، حیدر علی. تهران. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. ]پیوند[
خورند، محمدتقی. (1392). روان شناسی ورزشی. گلستان. دانشگاه گلستان. ]پیوند[
 سهرابی، م.، فتحی، م. (1393). کاربرد مهارت های ذهنی در ورزش. تهران. پژ‌وهشگاه  تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی. ]پیوند[
 کاکس. (1392). روان شناسی ورزش، مفاهیم و کاربردها. ترجمه پاکدامن و نادری تفتی. چاپ اول. تهران. انتشارات دانشگاه شهید بهشتی. ]پیوند[
 مارنات. (1375). راهنمای سنجش روانی. ترجمه پاشا شریفی و نیکخو. تهران. انتشارات رشد. ]پیوند[
 موسوی، ا.، واعظ موسوی، م.ک. (1394). معرفی مقیاس موفقیت ورزشی. رفتار حرکتی، ش 19، ص 123 – 142 . ]پیوند[
 نزاکت­الحسینی. م.، جابری، ا. (1393). روانشناسی ورزش و تمرین. اصفهان. انتشارات دانشگاه اصفهان. ]پیوند[
واعظ موسوی، م.ک.، مسیبی، ف. (1391). روان‌شناسی ورزشی. تهران. انتشارات سمت. ]پیوند[
 واینبرگ و گولد. (1394). مبانی روان شناسی ورزش و تمرین. ترجمه واعظ موسوی و متشرعی. 2ج. تهران. انتشارات حتمی. ]پیوند[
Asamoah, B. (2013). The role of mental toughness. Psychological skills and team cohesion in soccer performance. Thesis presented in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of sport science in the Departement of sport science , faculty of Education at Stellenbosch university. [Link]
Balk,Y.A., & Englert,C. (2020). Recovery self-regulation in sport: Theory,research, and practice. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching: 0(0) 1–9. [Link]
Boullosa, D. (2021). Post-Activation performance enhancement strategies in sport: A Brief Rewiew for pracyitioners. Human Movement,  22(3):101-109  [Link]
Chena, M., Morcillo, J. A., Hernandes, M. L. R., Zapardiel, J. C., Owen, A., & Lozano, D. (2021). The Effect of Weekly Training Load Across a Competitive Microcycle on Contextual Variales in professional soccer. International Journal of  Environmental Research and public Health, 18:(5019) [Link]
Constandt, B. (2019). Does it really matter? A study on soccer fans’ perceptions of ethical leadership and their role as “stakeowners”. Sport Management Review, 23(3):374-386
 Constandt, B. (2019). Ethics Management In Football Clubs.  Thesis  May 2019     [Link]
Costas,I. Karageorghis, P. C. Terry. (2011). In side sport psychology.chapter,6.Human Kintics. [Link]
Costas, I. Karageorghis, Peter. C. Terry.(2011). In side sport psychology.chapter,6.Human Kintics. [Link]
Curling, C. Mc., call, A. Le., Gall, F., & Dupont, G. (2016). The impact of short periods of match congestion on injury risk and patterns in an elite football club.Br J Sports Med, 50: 764-768. [Link]
Esteban.C.R. Olmedilla.A. Méndez.I., & Tobal.J.J.(2020). Female Soccer Players’ Psychological Profile: Di_erences between Professional andAmateur Players. International Journal of  Environmental Research and public Health.17,4357  [Link]
Farina, M., & Cei, A. (2019). Concentration and self-talk in football. Building 903,Strand London ,WC ZR2LSUK.P414-436  [Link]
Frayeh, A. L., & Lewis. B. A. (2016). Sport commitment among adult Recreational soccer players: Jost of expanded Model. International Journal of  Exercise science,10(1):4-24. [Link]
Fernandes, A. A., & Jonsson. (2021). Psychological skills, mental toughness and performance anxiety among Icelandic youth international soccer players  longitudinal study. Hallur Hallson Mai 2021  [Link]
Freitas, D., & Fonseca. (2013). What do coaches think about Psychological skills training in soccer? A study with coaches of Elite Portuguese teems. International Journal of  sport science, 3(3):81-91. [Link]
Gardiner, S. (2018). Perspectives on ethics and integrity in football. In: S. Chadwick, D. Parnell, P. Widdop, & C. Anagnostopoulos (Eds.), Routledge handbook of football business and management (pp.   376-387). London: Routledge  [Link]
Grushko, A. I., Haidamashko, I. V., Ibragimov, R. R.,   Kornienko, D. S., Korobeynikova, E. Y., Leonov, S. V., &  Veraksa, A. N. (2016). Does the motivation, anxiety and imagery skills contributes to football (soccer) experience? Social and Behavioral Sciences,  233: 181 – 185  [Link]
Issurin,V.B. (2016). Benefits and limitations of block periodized training approaches to atheletes’preparation:Areview.sport Med, 46:329-338. [Link]
Ivarson, A. (2008). Halmasted University. School of social and Health science. sport psychology:91- 120.spring 2008. [Link]
Izzo, R., Hosseini vard.C., & Azzone.V. (2019). Performance Model Analysis of Armenian premier leage soccer players using Global positioning system Tochnology and comparison between Europen championship. Journal of sport science,7:39-45. [Link]
Jooste, J., Steyn, B. J. M., & Van den berg, L. (2014). Psychological skills, Playing positions and performance of African Youth Soccer Teams.  South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 36(1): 85-100. [Link]
Kavussanu, M., & Stanger, N. (2017b). Prosocial and antisocial behaviors in sport organizations. In: C. Wagstaff (Ed.), The Organizational Psychology of Sport: Key Issues and Practical Applications. New York: Routledge. [Link]
Kenioua, M., & Krine,N. (2020). Self-efficacy scale validation among football players. Journal of Indonesian physical Education and sport, 6(2): 19-25  [Link]
King, N. (2004). ‘Template analysis’, in G. Symon and C. Cassell (eds.) Essential Guide To Qualitative Methods In Organizational Research, SAGE Publications, London. [Link]
Kissari, A. (2015). The Effectiveness of progressive Muscle Relaxation to reduce the intensity of competitive sport anxiety among the elite players football.Research Journal of physical education science, 3(2):4-8. [Link]
Koua, A., & Hagger, M. S. (2010). Perceived teaching behaviors and elf-determinered in physical education: Atest of self-determined theory. Research Quarterly for Exercise and sport, 81:74-86. [Link]
Kowalski. (2018). Hardiness,Perseverative cognition, anxiety, and health-related outcomes:A case for and against psychological hardiness.Electronic thesis and Dissertation Repository.5385. [Link]
Kuloor, H., & Kumar, A. (2020). Selfconfidence and sport. The International Journal of indian psychology, 8(4):2349-3429. [Link]
Lincoln & Guba. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park,CA: sage publication. Citation: cohen D.Crabtree B. ’Qualitative Research Guidelines’ July 2008. [Link]
Lopez, G., Sanchez, R., & Gallagos, G. (2018). Analysis of the prediction of Motivational climate in Handball players’fear of failure. International Journal of  Environmental Research and public Health Published:26,January 2019. [Link]
Mach, M., Dolan, S., & Tzafrir,S. (2010). The differential effect of team members’trust on team performance: the mediation role of team cohesion.Journal of occupational and organizational psychology.83:771-794. [Link]
Monterio, R., Monterio, D., Torregrossa, M., & Travassos, B. (2021). Career planning in elite soccer: The mediating role of self-efficacy, career goals, and athletic identity. Movement science and sport psychology, 20 July 2021. [Link]
Mouloud, B., & Abdelkader. (2017). Self-efficacy among football players between 16-19 years.International Jurnal of science culture and sport .ISSN1148-1178. [Link]
Murcia, M. J. A., Contel, L., Silveria,Y. ,Ruiz, L. (2014). Fear of failing in sport,Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche: Elche, spain  [Link]
Musculus, L., Raab, M., Belling, P., & Lobinger, B. (2018). Linking self-efficacy and decision-making processes in developing soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 39:72-80. [Link]
Mustafa. S., David. F. (2014). Psychological resilience in sport performance. A review of stressors and protective Factors. Journal of sport sciences, 32:15. [Link]
 Nakisa, N., Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, M. (2021). Comparison of IQ, EI, Sports Performance, and Psychological Characteristics of Young Male Soccer Players in Different Playing Positions. . Ann Appl Sport Sci. 2021; 9 (1) [Link]
Orosz & Mezo. (2015). Psychological factors in the development of football-Talent from the percpective of an integrative sport-talent model. Journal for the education of Gifted Yoyng scientist, 3(1):58-76. [Link]
Pulido. J. J., Oliva. D. S., Migual. P. A. S., & Amado. D. (2018).  Sport commitment in young soccer players: A self-determination perspective. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. [Link]
Ramlanc & Adzhar. (2015). Performance of soccer skills and effects of the motivational self-talk. Journal VMP cocial sciences and technology Management, 3(1):33-48. [Link]
Reams, L. (2015). Sport commitment and purchase intentions of intercollegiate Boxing coaches and participants. International Journal of  sport Management, Recreation &Tourism, 22:44-62. [Link]
Reverberi, E,.  Gozzoli, C.,  Angelo, C. D.,  Lanz. M., & Sorgente. A. (2021). The Self-regulation of learning self report scale for sport practice: validation of an Italian version of football.Original Research.15 March 2021  [Link]
Scanlan, T. K., Russell, D. G., Scanlan, A., Klunchoo, T. J., & Chow, G. M. (2013). Prpjent of elite athlete commitment (PEAK): IV. Identification of new candidate commitment sources in the sport commitment Model. Journal  sport Exercise psychology, 35:525-535. [Link]
Sillero, J. D. B.,  Aranda, L. M. M.,  Matesanz, M. S., & Escribano, M. D. (2021). Determining Factors of Psychological Performance and Differences among Age Categories in Youth Football Players. Sustainability 2021, 13: 7713  [Link]
Soylu, Y. (2021). Comparison of emotional intelligence levels of soccer players according to age and playing position. ACTA GYMNICA, 2021,  51: Article e2021.008  [Link]
Thelwell, Greenlees & Weston. (2012). Examining the use of psychological skills throughout soccer performance. Journal of sport behavior, 33(1): 109-127. [Link]
Toeringa. T. T., Elferink-Gemsera. M. T., Jordetb. G., & Visschera. C. (2009). Self-regulation and performance level of elite and non-elite youth soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences · December 2009  [Link]
Walker & Hawkins. (2017). Structuring a program in Elite professional soccer. strength and Condetioning Journal. Fitness information technology l. [Link]
Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2019). Fundation of sport and exercise psychology. Human kinetics. [Link]
Weinberg, R. S., & Gould,D.(2011). Fundation of sport and exercise psychology. Human kinetics. [Link]
Williams, I. M., Zinsser, N., & Banker, L. (2010). Cognitiv fechmiques for bulding confidence and enhancing performance. In J.M. Williams(Ed.). Applied sport psychology: 305-335:Mc Graw-Hill. [Link]
Yadolahzadeh, A. (2021). The role of mental imagery and stress management training in the performance of female swimmers. Atena Journal of Sports Sciences, 3: 1-11. [Link]
Yalcin, I., & Ramazanoglu, F. (2020). The Effect of Imagery use on the self-confidence:Turkish professional Football players. Journal of  sport psychology, 29:57-64. [Link]
Young, B. W., & Medic, N. (2011). Examining social influences on the sport commitment of master summers. Psychology of sport and Exercise.12:168-175. [Link]
Zissis, p., & Vasilion, v. (2012). The effects of a Psychological skills training program on the cohesion of a mens soccer team. Journal of Education and Practice, 3(4). [Link]