اثربخشی رویکرد بومی روان‌شناسی وحدت‌مدار بر گرایش به افسردگی و خودکشی دانشجویان پسر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهشکده خانواده، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثربخشی رویکرد روان‌شناسی وحدت مدار بر نشانه‌های افسردگی و گرایش به خودکشی دانشجویان پرداخته است. روش: روش پژوهش شبه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه و پیگیری سه‌ماهه است. جامعه آماری شامل 895 دانشجوی کارشناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی ساکن در خوابگاه بود؛ و نمونه تحقیق به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و از طریق فرم کوتاه مقیاس افسردگی اضطراب تنیدگی و پرسش‌نامه افکار خودکشی بک، غربال و از میان 200 دانشجوی مستقر در خوابگاه، 20 دانشجوی دارای گرایش به افسردگی و خودکشی انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و گواه گمارده شدند. گروه آزمایش در شانزده جلسه شامل ده جلسۀ یک ساعت و نیمه فردی در کلینیک خانواده و کودک دانشگاه شهید بهشتی و شش جلسه تمرین در خوابگاه شرکت داده شدند؛ و گروه گواه در لیست انتظار قرار گرفت. جهت بررسی اثر مداخله، همه دانشجویان یک‌بار پس از مداخله و سه ماه پس از مداخله مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون ناپارامتریک یو­من­ویتنی استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد آموزش مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی وحدت مدار بر افسردگی (02/0=p، 15=U) و گرایش به خودکشی (019/0=p، 5/14=U) اثر داشته است و این اثر در مرحله پیگیری سه‌ماهه پایدار مانده است. نتیجه‌گیری: رویکرد روان‌شناسی وحدت مدار با ارتقا نگرش و یکپارچه کردن تجارب زندگی و پذیرش واقعیت احساس تعلق و معنا در زندگی، منجر به کاهش نشانه‌های افسردگی و گرایش به خودکشی دانشجویان می­‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Unity-Oriented Psychology Approach on Depression and Suicidal Tendencies in Male Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Zadeh Mohammadi 1
  • Mohsen Tahmasbi 2
1 Associate Professor, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.A. in Clinical Psychology, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: The current study examines the effectiveness of unity-oriented intervention on depression and suicidal tendencies of Shahid Beheshti University students.
 
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest, posttest, and control group, including a three-month follow-up. The statistical population included all male students aged 19 to 24, attending Shahid Beheshti University in 2018. The statistical population of this research included 895 male students living at university dormitories. Through screening, 20 students were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The subjects were evaluated before and after interventions using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (Beck, Kovacs & Weissman, 1979) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The unity-oriented intervention was administered in 10 sessions, each lasting 1.5 hours in the experimental group, while there was no intervention in the control group. The data were analyzed through the Mann-Whitney U test.
 
Results: Findings show that unity-oriented intervention has a significant effect on depression (U=15, P=0.02) and suicidal ideation (U=14.5, P=0.019), and this effect remained unchanged in the three-month follow-up phase.
 
Conclusion: Through the integration of life experiences and acceptance of life's realities, the unity-oriented psychological approach promotes a sense of belonging and meaningfulness, decreasing depression symptoms and suicidal tendencies. Therefore, it can be used as an effective intervention method to alleviate psychological problems, especially suicidality and depression, and also promote students' well-being.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Depression
  • Suicide
  • Students
  • Unity-Oriented Psychology

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