تأثیر درمان شناختی رفتاری بر سوگیری توجه در افراد با نشانه‌های بدریخت انگاری بدن: یک مطالعه نیمه تجربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران.

2 گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

هدف: اختلال بدریخت‌انگاری بدن نوعی اختلال روانی است که در آن فرد نگرانی‌های غیرواقعی درباره ظاهر خود دارد. هدف این پژوهش تعیین اثر درمان شناختی-رفتاری بر سوگیری توجه در افراد دارای نشانه‌های بدریخت‌انگاری بدن بود.
روش: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری دوماهه و شامل گروه کنترل انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی مراجعه‌کنندگان به کلینیک‌های زیبایی شهر کرمانشاه در سال ۱۴۰۲ بود که از میان آن‌ها ۳۶ نفر داوطلب واجد شرایط به‌روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه ۱۸ نفر) تخصیص یافتند. گروه آزمایش در ۱۰جلسه درمان شناختی–رفتاری مبتنی بر پروتکل بک و بک (۲۰۱۱) شرکت کردند، درحالی‌که گروه کنترل در این جلسات حضور نداشت. سنجش سوگیری توجه با پرسش‌نامه کانون توجه (وودی و همکاران، ۱۹۹۷) انجام شد و داده‌ها با تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی در نرم‌افزار SPSS-۲۶ تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر زمان (۰۰۱/۰>p، ۹۸/۰=η²)، اثر گروه (۰۰۱/۰>p، ۹۷/۰=η²) و اثر متقابل زمان و گروه (۰۰۱/۰>p، ۹۷/۰=η²) بر سوگیری توجه معنادار بود. در پس‌آزمون و پیگیری در میانگین نمره سوگیری توجه تفاوت معنادار وجود نداشت (۰۵/۰ نتیجه‌گیری: این نتایج نشان می‌دهد که درمان شناختی-رفتاری می‌تواند سوگیری توجه و نشانه‌های اختلال بدریخت‌انگاری بدن را کاهش دهد و به‌کارگیری آن در کلینیک‌ها، دانشگاه‌ها و مراکز آموزشی برای درمان و پیشگیری توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Attentional Bias in Individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: A Semi-Experimental Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Ghanbari 1
  • Zainab Mihandoost 2
  • Shahram Mami 2
  • Vahid Ahmadi 2
  • Homeira Soleimannejad 2
1 Department of Psychology, Il.c, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
2 Department of Psychology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: This study examined the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing attentional bias among individuals with symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
 
Method: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest–follow-up design with a control group was employed. The statistical population included clients attending cosmetic clinics in Kermanshah in 2023. Thirty-six eligible participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (18 per group). The experimental group received ten CBT sessions based on Beck and Beck’s protocol (2011), whereas the control group received no intervention. Attentional bias was assessed using the Attention Focus Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS-26.
 
Results: Significant effects were found for time (η² = 0.98, p < 0.001), group (η² = 0.97, p < 0.001), and the interaction between time and group (η² = 0.97, p < 0.001) on attentional bias scores. Bonferroni analyses indicated significant reductions in attentional bias from pretest to posttest and follow-up. No significant difference was observed between posttest and follow-up scores (p > 0.05), indicating maintenance of treatment effects.
 
Conclusion: CBT effectively reduced attentional bias associated with BDD symptoms. The findings support the use of CBT in clinical and educational settings for both treatment and prevention of body dysmorphic symptoms.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Body Dysmorphic Disorder
  • Attentional Bias
  • Attention Focus
  • Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

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