تحلیل پدیدارشناختی تجربة زیسته زنان دربارة خشونت خانگی در دوران قرنطینه کوید 19

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد، روانشناسی عمومی، دانشگاه شهد بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: در مطالعات پیشین، محققان توانسته‌اند با استفاده از روش‌های کمی، درباره علل و پیامدهای پدیدة خشونت خانگی علیه زنان به نتایج بااهمیتی دست یابند. پس از پدیدایی کرونا و تجربة زیست قرنطینه‌ای در شرایط اپیدمی این بیماری و افزایش نرخ شیوع خشونت خانگی، تحلیل تجربة زیسته زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی برای دستیابی به فهمی عمیق از این پدیده مهم است. روش: برای تحلیل تجربة زیسته زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی از طرح پدیدارشناختی توصیفی استفاده شد. گروه نمونه شامل 25 زن قربانی خشونت خانگی بودند که برای دریافت خدمات مشاوره‌ای به یکی از مراکز مشاوره در شهر تهران مراجعه کردند. داده‌های پژوهش حاضر از طریق انجام مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته به صورت فردی و به شکل آنلاین جمع‌آوری شد. داده­ های گردآوری شده با استفاده از روش کلایزی تحلیل شدند. یافته ­ها: پس از تحلیل داده‌ها، دو مضمون اصلی شامل جهت‌گیری انگیزشی مبتنی بر خودمختاری و جهت‌گیری انگیزشی مبتنی بر کنترل‌گری استخراج شدند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که خرده‌مضامین ذیل هر مضمون اصلی شامل اسنادهای علّی، جهت‌گیری‌های هدفی، نظم‌بخشی هیجانی، پاسخ‌دهی همدلانه، ارزیابی‌های شناختی، ابرازمندی، دفاعی بودن، تاملی بودن، واکنشی بودن، حل مسئله اجتماعی، ادراک مثبت از دیگران، احساسات مثبت نسبت به دیگران، راهبردهای مقابله‌ای و آمایه‌های ذهنی بودند. نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که در شرایط فزون‌یافتگی تجارب فشارزای درون‌ـ‌برون‌خانوادگی، برای مردانی با فقر در منابع مقابله‌ای، تنها مسیر باقیمانده برای مراقبت از جایگاه مردانه خود و حفظ آن، در بافت تعاملات درون‌خانوادگی، بر جستجوی تدابیری آمرانه، قهرآمیز و خشن استوار می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Phenomenological Study of Women’s Lived Experiences of domestic violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic

نویسندگان [English]

  • omid shokri 1
  • ali khodaei 2
  • shirin Moezzodini 3
1 Assistant Professor, Educational Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University.
2 Assistant Professor,General Psychology, Payam Noor university,Tehran ,Iran.
3 M.A in General Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University.
چکیده [English]

Aim: Past studies investigating the phenomenon of Intimate Partner Violence[Mw1]  against women employed mainly quantitative methods, yielding significant findings in prevalence rates and causes of this experience. However, there is a need for more qualitative studies to provide the rich details in order to develop more congruent concept of domestic violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Method: A phenomenological design was used in this study to investigate women’s' “lived experiences” of domestic violence and how they managed these experiences. The sample consisted of 25 women victims of domestic violence who referred to a counseling center in Tehran for counseling services. The data were collected through online in-depth semi-structured individual interviews. After recording and rewriting the interviews, the available data were analyzed by the application of Colaizzi’s method. Results: Two major themes were extracted from the analysis, including the autonomous motivation orientation and controlled motivation orientation toward romantic relationships. In addition, based on the results, subthemes of the aforementioned major themes were as follows: causal attributions, goal orientations, emotion regulation, eempathetic response, cognitive appraisals, assertiveness, social problem solving, positive perception of others, positive feelings for others, coping and mental sets. Conclusion: The results showed that in a situation where the family is under pressure, for some men the only way to take care of their powerful position, is to seek harsh and authoritarian methods. Therefore, the use of interventions based on social empowerment to strengthen men's psychological capital and skill treasury has an important role.


 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Domestic violence
  • COVID-19
  • motivation orientations
  • phenomenology

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