اثر انتظار کارآمدی و ارزش پاداش بر اعمال کنترل شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شیراز، ، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم روان‌شناختی، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، پرستاری و سلامت، دانشگاه موناش، کلیتون، استرالیا.

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش مؤلفه‌های انگیزشی (انتظار کارآمدی و ارزش پاداش) و پیش‌بینی‌های رفتاری مدل ارزش مورد انتظار کنترل (EVC) در جمعیت بهنجار ایرانی بود.
روش: روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع شبه آزمایشی با طرح درون‌گروهی بود. گروه نمونه (۳۱ نفر) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان در مصاحبه بالینی ساختاریافته SCID-۵-RV شرکت کردند و پرسش‌نامه‌های سلامت عمومی ۱۲ گویه‌ای (GHQ-۱۲) و آزمون کوررنگی‌ایشی‌هارا را تکمیل کردند. همچنین، آزمایه رایانه‌ای رنگ-واژه استروپ همراه با نشانه‌های پاداش را اجرا کردند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر نشان داد که اثرات اصلی و مستقیم کارآمدی و پاداش و همچنین اثر تعاملی کارآمدی× پاداش برای زمان واکنش در آزمایه رنگ- واژه استروپ با اندازه اثر بالا معنادار بود. همچنین یافته‌ها نشان داد که اثر مستقیم کارآمدی برای درصد پاسخ‌های صحیح در آزمایه رنگ-واژه استروپ با اندازه‌های اثر بالا معنادار بود. اما اثر اصلی پاداش و اثر تعاملی کارآمدی × پاداش برای درصد پاسخ‌های صحیح معنادار نبود.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طور کلی، یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر پیشنهاد می‌دهد که کارآمدی و میزان پاداش به‌طور مجزا و مشترک می‌تواند تخصیص کنترل شناختی را ارتقاء دهد. این یافته‌ها در پرتو محدودیت‌ها، پژوهش‌های پیشین و نظریه‌ها مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of expected efficacy and reward value in exerting cognitive control

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Toobaei 1
  • Mohammadreza Taghavi 2
  • Laura Jobson 3
1 Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Fars, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Fars, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
چکیده [English]

Aim: This study investigated the role of efficacy and reward value, as described in the Expected Value of Control (EVC) model, in predicting cognitive control in a healthy Iranian sample.

Method: A within-subject quasi-experimental design was used. Thirty-one participants were selected via convenience sampling and screened using SCID-V-RV, Ishihara color test, and GHQ-12. Participants completed a Color-Word Stroop task with reward and efficacy cues.

Results: ANOVA showed significant main effects of efficacy and reward, and an interaction effect for reaction time. A significant efficacy effect was found for accuracy, but other effects for accuracy were not significant.

Conclusion: Efficacy and reward value enhance cognitive control individually and jointly. These results are discussed in light of prior research and theoretical models.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Expected value of control
  • Motivation
  • Reward
  • Efficacy
  • Cognitive Control

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