روابط ساختاری پنج عامل بزرگ شخصیت با نشانه‌های صفت شخصیتی دگرآزاری با میانجی‌گری شادنفرود در دانشجویان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: لذت بردن از درد و رنج دیگران می­‌تواند به شکل هیجان شادنفرود در اغلب افراد رخ دهد و یا به شکل پایدارتر و عمیق­تری در قالب صفت شخصیتی دگرآزاری در بعضی نمایان شود. مطالعه حاضر بررسی روابط ساختاری صفات پنجگانه شخصیتی با دگرآزاری به واسطه گذر از هیجان شادنفرود بود. روش: تعداد 364 نفر از جامعه 24000 نفری دانشجویان دانشگاه تبریز (169 مرد و 167 زن) در سال 1399 با نمونه­‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. آن­ها به پرسشنامه‌­­های میلونIII،NEO-FFI  و پرسشنامه سناریویی شادنفرود پاسخ دادند. داده­‌ها با نرم‌­افزارهای  SPSS-24و Amos تحلیل شدند. یافته‌­ها: ارزیابی مدل فرضی پژوهش با استفاده از شاخص‌­های برازندگی نشان داد که مدل اندازه‌­­گیری­‌شده برازش دارد. نتیجه­‌گیری: عامل دلپذیری از میان پنج عامل بزرگ شخصیت با میانجی‌­گری شادنفرود بر روی نشانه‌­­های شخصیت دگرآزاری اثر معنی­‌داری دارد. یافته‌­ها در کنار حمایت از مدل فرضی برای نشانه­­‌های شخصیت دگرآزار، چهارچوب مناسبی برای سبب ­شناسی این اختلال شخصیت ارائه می­‌دهد. وجه اشتراک سه عامل مدل حاضر، عنصر اجتماعی بودن آن­هاست. دلپذیری را می­‌توان اجتماعی­‌ترین عامل شخصیت دانست که بر شادنفرود به عنوان هیجانی اجتماعی و شخصیت دگرآزاری به عنوان تیپ شخصیتی متکی به حضور دیگران، اثرگذار است. یعنی افراد با دلپذیری بالاتر، به دلیل همدلی بیشتر، احتمال کمتری برای تجربه لذت بردن از درد و رنج دیگران خواهند داشت. نتایج حاصل، در درک رفتارهای اجتماعی، خاصه در موقعیت­‌هایی که انتظار همدلی می­‌رود اما رفتارهایی حاکی از دگرآزاری یا لذت بردن از درد و رنج دیگران بروز می‌­کند کاربرد دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural relationships of Big Five personality factors with symptoms of Sadistic personality due to the role of Schadenfreude in students

نویسنده [English]

  • Narges Yeganeh
M.Sc. of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: Enjoying the suffering of others can occur in the form of a Schadenfreude in most people, or it can manifest itself in a more stable form: Sadistic personality traits. This study was about the structural relationships between the Big Five and Sadism through the role of Schadenfreude. Method: 364 people from the 24,000-student population of Tabriz University (169 males and 167 females) in 2020 were selected by available sampling. They answered the Milon III, NEO-FFI, and Schadenfreude Scenario Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and Amos. Results: Evaluation of the hypothetical research model using fit indices showed that the measured model fits. Conclusion: Agreeableness among the Big Five mediated by Schadenfreude has a significant effect on the symptoms of Sadism. The findings, along with supporting the hypothetical model for the symptoms of Sadistic personality traits, provide a suitable framework for the etiology of this personality disorder. The common denominator of the three factors of the present model is their social element. Agreeableness can be considered as the most social factor of Big Five that affects Schadenfreude as a social emotion and Sadism as a personality type based on the presence of others. That means people with higher Agreeableness are less likely to experience enjoying others suffering because of greater empathy. The results are useful in understanding social behaviors, especially in situations where empathy is expected but behaviors that indicate sadism or enjoyment of the suffering of others occur.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Schadenfreude
  • Sadistic personality disorder
  • Big Five Factors
  • Sadism
  • Empathy
  • Students

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