تأثیر تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه ای بر سوگیری توجه و عاطفه بزرگسالان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و سلامت روان(انستیتو روانپزشکی تهران)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و سلامت روان (انستیتو روانپزشکی تهران)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی نقایصی در شناخت گرم مانند سوگیری توجه نسبت به محرک‌های منفی نشان می‌دهند. همچنین سطح پایینی از عاطفه مثبت و سطح بالایی از عاطفه منفی را تجربه می‌کنند. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه ای  قشر خلفی – جانبی و شکمی – میانی پیش پیشانی بر سوگیری هیجانی و عاطفه افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی بود. روش: در این پژوهش از طرح متقاطع یک سو کور استفاده شد. 23 بزرگسال مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی طی سه جلسه سه نوع متفاوت تحریک شامل: 1) تحریک قشرخلفی-جانبی و مهار قشر شکمی- میانی پیش پیشانی 2) مهار قشر خلفی – جانبی و تحریک قشر شکمی – میانی پیش پیشانی و 3) شبه تحریک دریافت کردند و عملکردشان به‌وسیله آزمون کامپیوتری دات پروب و پرسشنامه عاطفه مثبت و منفی (پاناس) ارزیابی شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که بین حالت‌های مختلف تحریک در سوگیری توجه در بیماران افسرده تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. در رابطه با وضعیت عاطفی زمانی که افراد در ناحیه قشرخلفی-جانبی پیش پیشانی تحریک آندی و در ناحیه قشر شکمی – میانی تحریک کاتدی می‌شدند، تفاوت در سطح p<0/05 معنادار بود. نتیجه‌گیری: سوگیری توجهی نوعی از شناخت گرم است و این شناخت در افسردگی تحت تاثیر قرار می‌گیرد. در این پژوهش تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه ای در نواحی درگیر این شناخت در نمرات سوگیری توجه بیماران تغییری ایجاد نکرد. بااین‌حال، تحریک الکتریکی توانست وضعیت عاطفی افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی را با کاهش شدت عاطفه منفی، بهبود ببخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Attentional Bias and Affect in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Majidinezhad 1
  • Mohammadreza Pirmoradi 2
  • Komeil Zahedi Tajrishi 2
1 MSc, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: Individuals with MDD have deficits in "hot" cognition such as attentional bias to negative stimuli.They also experience low levels of positive and high levels of negative affect.This study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) on attentional bias and affective state in patients with major depressive disorder. Method: The present research had a single-blinded, crossover design.Twenty-three adults with MDD received tDCS in three separate sessions with different montages: anodal dlPFC (F3)/ cathodal vmPFC (Fp2), the reversed montage and sham.Their performance was evaluated by dot- probe test (online) and PANAS questionnaire(Pre-Post Stimulation). Result: There was no significant difference between different montages of tDCS on attentional bias in depressed patients. However, a significant difference was observed in the negative affect (p<0/05). Conclusion: Attentional bias is a form of hot cognition and affects MDD patients. The present study showed no significant difference in the attentional bias scores between the three tDCS montages. However, results showed that anodal stimulation of DLPFC and cathodal stimulation of VMPFC improved the affective state of patients with MDD by reducing the levels of the negative affect.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attentional bias
  • Depression
  • Hot Cognition

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