مقایسه اثربخشی روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه‌مدت فشرده و طرح‌واره درمانی بر افسردگی و اضطراب مادران دارای فرزند مبتلابه اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسة اثربخشی روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه‌مدت فشرده و طرح‌واره درمانی بر افسردگی و اضطراب مادران دارای فرزند مبتلابه اتیسم انجام شد.
 
روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری سه ماه و جامعة آماری شامل تمامی مادران کودکان اتیستیک مراکز آموزشی و توان‌بخشی شهر تهران در سال 99 بود. 45 نفر به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل (هر گروه 15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. جلسات روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه‌مدت فشرده و طرح‌واره درمانی طی 12 جلسه 60 دقیقه‌ای، به‌صورت فردی، هفته‌ای یک جلسه برگزار شد. آزمودنی‌ها در مرحلة پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و پیگیری پرسشنامة افسردگی بک- ویرایش دوم (1996) پرسشنامة اضطراب بک (1998) را تکمیل کردند. داده‌های پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.
 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد هر دو روش روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه‌مدت فشرده و طرح‌واره درمانی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل منجر به کاهش افسردگی و اضطراب شده است و این تأثیر در پیگیری نیز پایدار بود (01/0P<). ولی روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه ‌مدت فشرده در مقایسه با طرح‌واره درمانی افسردگی را بیشتر کاهش داده است. در مقابل تفاوت اثر دو شیوة درمان بر اضطراب در سطح (05/0P>) معنادار نبود.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: نتیجه‌گیری شد روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه‌مدت فشرده در مقایسه با طرح‌واره درمانی روش مؤثری برای کاهش افسردگی مادران دارای فرزند مبتلابه اتیسم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy and Schema Therapy on Depression, Anxiety in Mothers with Autistic Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram Rezaei 1
  • Mina Mojtabaei 2
  • Arezoo Shomali Oskoei 3
1 Ph.D. Student in Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and Schema Therapy on depression and anxiety in mothers with autistic children.
 
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design, including a control group and a follow-up period of three months. The statistical population comprised all mothers of autistic children in educational and rehabilitation centers in Tehran in 2020. Forty-five participants were purposively selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (ISTDP and Schema Therapy) and one control group (15 participants in each group). Both therapy approaches were conducted in 12 individual sessions lasting 60 minutes each, once a week. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (1996) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (1998) during pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance.
 
Results: The results indicated that both ISTDP and Schema Therapy were effective in reducing depression and anxiety compared to the control group, and these effects remained stable during the follow-up period (P < 0.01). However, ISTDP was more effective in reducing depression compared to Schema Therapy. Conversely, the impact of the two treatments on anxiety did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05).
 
Conclusion: In conclusion, ISTDP was found to be a more effective method for reducing depression in mothers with autistic children compared to Schema Therapy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety
  • Autism
  • Depression
  • Dynamic Psychotherapy
  • Schema Therapy
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