واکاوی عوامل شکل‌گیری اختلال علائم جسمانی شکل در افراد دارای اختلال استرس پس از سانحه پیچیده براساس نظریه داده‌بنیاد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی سلامت. دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران. تهران. ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه راهنمایی و مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر  با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر در شکل‌گیری اختلال علائم جسمانی شکل در افراد دارای اختلال استرس پس از سانحه پیچیده انجام شد. روش: رویکرد مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش کیفی و از نوع داده‌بنیاد بود. تعداد 15 نفر دارای اختلال جسمانی شکل و اختلال استرس پس از سانحه پیچیده در دامنه سنی 18 -60 ساله شهر تهران که تمایل به مصاحبه و همکاری داشتند با روش نمونه‌گیری هدف‌مند تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری انتخاب شدند. این افراد با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و به ‌صورت عمیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. تجزیه ‌و تحلیل داده‌ها با شیوه اشتراس و کوربین (2014) و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار مکس کیودا انجام شد. یافته‌ها: براساس یافته‌های حاصل از پژوهش، کدهای باز حول 90 مفهوم، کدهای محوری شامل 8 مفهوم و کدهای انتخابی در 4 مفهوم شامل عوامل علی (تعاملات مخرب خانواده)، عوامل زمینه‌ای (ویژگی هیجانی - شناختی کودک)، عوامل مداخله‌گر (والدگری منفعلانه - والدگری آرمان‌گرایانه) و راهبردها (راهبردهای رفتاری - شناختی کودک) استخراج شدند. نتیجه‌گیری: راهبردهای شناختی، هیجانی و رفتاری کودک در پاسخ به آسیب‌های دوران کودکی (تعاملات مخرب خانواده و والدگری مخرب) در شکل‌گیری و تداوم جسمانی‌سازی مؤثر است؛ بنابراین در پیشگیری از اختلال علائم جسمانی شکل در کودکان می‌توان از بهبود تعاملات مخرب خانواده و نیز در درمان افراد بزرگسال دارای اختلال جسمانی شکل می‌توان از راهبردهای مؤثر در تنظیم هیجانات، افکار و تغییر در تعاملات فرد بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Factors of Formation of Somatic Symptom Disorder in People with Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Based on Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Jafari Roshan 1
  • Seyed Saeid Pournaghash Tehrani 2
  • Masud Gholam Ali Lavasani 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Health psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Counselling and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: This study aimed to examine the effective factors in the formation of somatic symptom disorder in individuals with complex post-traumatic stress disorder.
 
Method: The research adopted a qualitative approach based on grounded theory. Fifteen individuals with somatic symptom disorder and complex post-traumatic stress disorder, aged 18-60, in Tehran city, who willingly participated in interviews, were selected through purposeful sampling until theoretical saturation was reached. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. Data analysis followed the method of Strauss and Corbin (2014) using MAXQDA software.
 
Findings: The research identified around 89 open codes, 8 axial codes, and 4 selective codes, including causal factors (destructive family interactions), contextual factors (child's emotional-cognitive characteristics), intervening factors (passive parenting-idealistic parenting), and strategies (child's behavioral-cognitive strategies).
 
Conclusion: Children's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral strategies in response to childhood trauma, particularly destructive family interactions and parenting styles, play a significant role in the formation and continuation of somatic symptom disorder. To prevent somatic symptom disorder in children, interventions may focus on improving family interactions, while for adults with somatic symptom disorder, effective strategies for regulating emotions and thoughts, along with changes in interactions, can be considered in treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Somatic Symptom Disorder
  • post-trumatic Stress Disorder
  • Grounded Theory
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