مقایسه تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رهاکننده درمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی عمومی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دکتری روان‌شناسی سلامت، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: سوء‌مصرف مواد عبارت است از الگوی غیرانطباقی مصرف مواد که از طریق پیامدهای نامطلوب عودکننده و قابل‌ملاحظه مرتبط با استعمال مکرر مواد ظاهر می‌شود. متغیرهای چندگانه بر شدت، مدت و درمان اختلالات سوءمصرف مواد تأثیر می‌گذارند. برآوردها در سال ۲۰۱۷ نشان داد که ۲۷۱ میلیون نفر در جهان از یک یا چند ماده‌مخدر استفاده کرده‌اند. پژوهش حاضر که از نوع علی‌-مقایسه‌ای بود، با هدف مقایسه تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رهاکننده درمان انجام شد. روش: بدین منظور، 180 نفر از مراجع‌کنندگان به سه مرکز ترک اعتیاد، به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه درمان دارویی، مشاوره انگیزشی و درمان ترکیبی دارویی- انگیزشی قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌ها پیش از درمان، پرسشنامه‌های مربوط به مقیاس تکانشوری بارات (بارات، 1994)، مقیاس استحکام من (بشارت، 1386)، مقیاس ناگویی هیجانی تورنتو (بگبی، پارکر و تیلور، 1994) و مقیاس چندبعدی حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده (زیمت، دالم، زیمت و فارلی، 1988) را تکمیل کردند. پس از پایان دوره درمانی، تعداد افراد باقی‌مانده هر گروه درمانی به‌ترتیب 45، 39 و 43 نفر بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون ناپارامتری یو مان-ویتنی استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان‌دهنده تفاوت معنادار در متغیرهای تکانشوری، استحکام من، ناگویی هیجانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده بین معتادان ادامه‌دهنده و رها‌کننده درمان است. نتیجه‌گیری: توجه به این متغیرها می‌تواند در برنامه‌های پیشگیری، تشخیص و درمان سوءمصرف مواد مؤثر واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Impulsiveness, Ego strength, Alexithymia and Perceived Social Support in Addicts Who Continue Treatment and Those Who Quit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Haeri 1
  • Mohammad Ali Besharat 2
  • Mohammad Ahmadvand Shahverdi 3
  • Farideh Ramezani Moghadam Arani 4
1 M.A. in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 M.A. Student in General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 PhD in Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: Substance abuse is a maladaptive pattern of substance use through recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to the repeated use of substances appearing. Multiple variables affected on severity, duration and treatment of substance abuse disorders. In 2017, globally 271 million people were estimated to have used one or more illicit drugs. The aim of this causal-comparative study was the comparison of impulsiveness, ego strength, alexithymia and perceived social support in addicts who continued treatment and those who abandoned treatment. Methods: For this purpose, 180 participations referred to 3 drug rehabilitation center and after obtaining the consent and conveniently placed into three groups: medicinal, motivational and combined (medicinal-motivational) treatment randomly. Participations completed BIS (Barratt, 1994), Ego Strength Scale (Besharat, 2006), TAS-20 (Bagby, Parker & Taylor, 1994) and MSPSS (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1998) before and after the treatments. The number of people remained at the end of treatment were 45, 39 and 43 respectively in each group. For analyze the data non-parametric U Mann-Whitney test was used. Results: The results showed significant differences on impulsiveness, ego strength, alexithymia and perceived social support between Addicts Who Continued Treatment and Those Who Abandoned Treatment. Conclusion: Considering these variable can be effective in preventing, diagnosis and treatment of addiction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ego strength
  • impulsiveness
  • perceived social support
  • substance abuse
  • alexithymia

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