تدوین و رواسازی آزمون جستجوی دیداری برای سنجش سوگیری توجه به تصاویر دلبستگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، ایران.

2 استادیار روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، ایران.

3 گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.

4 دانشیار روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، ایران.

چکیده


هدف: مطالعة زیربنا‌های شناختی و عصبی-فیزیولوژیکی دلبستگی نیازمند سنجش ابعاد خودکار آن است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تدوین و رواسازی آزمون جستجوی دیداری جهت سنجش سوگیری توجه نسبت به تصاویر مرتبط با دلبستگی بود.

روش: مطالعه حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی متشکل از ۲۵۸ دانشجو (۱۵۳ زن) با میانگین سنی ۳۶/۲۱ بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و آزمون رایانه‌ای جستجوی دیداری، مقیاس تجدیدنظریافته تجارب مربوط به روابط نزدیک (فریلی و همکاران، ۲۰۰۰)، پرسشنامه دلبستگی بزرگسالان (هازان و شیور، ۱۹۸۷) و مقیاس استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی (لویباند و لویباند، ۲۰۰۲) را تکمیل نمودند. از همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل واریانس آمیخته برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد.

یافته‌ها: یافته‌­های مربوط به روایی هم­گرا نشان داد که نمره سوگیری توجه با اضطراب رابطه مثبت و معنادار دارد (05/0>p). همبستگی میان ابعاد دلبستگی (اضطراب و اجتناب) و نمره سوگیری توجه منفی و معنادار بود (05/0>p). در ارتباط با روایی تمییزی، آزمون از توان مناسب جهت افتراق افراد ایمن از ناایمن­‌ها (اضطرابی و اجتنابی) برخوردار بود (001/0<p) بدین صورت که دو گروه ناایمن روی­گردانی بیش­تری از تصاویر دلبستگی داشتند. آزمون مورد نظر از پایایی بازآزمایی متوسط (بین 46/0 تا 57/0) و همسانی درونی نسبتا بالایی (63/0 تا 77/0) برخوردار بود.  
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های این مطالعه بیانگر روایی و پایایی قابل قبول آزمون جستجوی دیداری جهت سنجش سوگیری توجه به تصاویر دلبستگی بود. این یافته‌ها می‌تواند الهام‌بخش پژوهشگران در تمرکز بر ابعاد خودکار دلبستگی و عدم اتکای صرف بر ابزار‌های پرسشنامه‌ای باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development and Validation of Visual Search Test to Measure Attentional Bias Towards Attachment-Related Images

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saloomeh Ghasemi Monsef 1
  • Masoumeh Azmoodeh 2
  • Javad Mesrabadi 3
  • Marzieh Alivandi Vafa 4
1 Ph.D. Student in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
4 4. Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: Investigating the cognitive and neurophysiological foundations of attachment requires assessing its automatic dimensions. This study aimed to develop and validate a visual search test to measure attentional bias toward attachment-related images.
 
Method: This descriptive study included a sample of 258 students (153 women) with an average age of 21.3, selected through convenience sampling. Participants completed a computerized visual search test, the Revised Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (Fraley et al., 2000), the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 2002). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and mixed analysis of variance.
 
Results: Regarding convergent validity, attentional bias showed a positive and significant relationship with anxiety (p < 0.05). Additionally, attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) were negatively correlated with attentional bias (p < 0.05). In terms of discriminant validity, the test effectively distinguished securely attached individuals from insecure groups (p < 0.001), with insecure groups displaying greater avoidance of attachment-related images. Reliability analysis indicated that the visual search test had moderate test-retest reliability (0.46 to 0.57) and relatively high internal consistency (0.63 to 0.77).
 
Conclusion: The findings support the validity and reliability of the visual search test for measuring attachment-related attentional bias. These results encourage researchers to explore the automatic dimensions of attachment rather than relying solely on self-report measures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attachment
  • Attentional bias
  • Visual search
  • Emotional images
  • Validation

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