تجربة زیستة دانشجویان دربارة یادگیری آنلاین در دوران اپیدمی بیماری کوید 19: یک تحلیل پدیدارشناختی تفسیری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Shahid Beheshti University

2 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

تحلیل پدیدارشناختی تفسیری روشی است که با استفاده از آن می‌توان دریافت مشارکت­کنندگان دنیای خود را چگونه درک کرده و تجارب خاص برای آن‌ها چه معنایی دارد. بر این اساس، محققان در مطالعة حاضر کوشیدند تا تجربة زیستة دانشجویان را دربارة یادگیری از طریق آموزش مجازی در دوران اپیدمی بیماری کوید 19 تحلیل کنند. بدین منظور از بین دانشجویان دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تا حد رسیدن به اشباع اطلاعاتی، 27 دانشجو در مقاطع کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد انتخاب و به صورت مجازی با آن‌ها مصاحبه شد. داده‌های پژوهش حاضر از طریق انجام مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساخت یافته به­صورت فردی و به شکل آنلاین جمع‌آوری شد. داده­های موجود با استفاده از روش کلایزی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. از تحلیل داده­های به دست آمده سه مضمون اصلی شامل احساس کفایت و شایستگی، خودمختاری و خودراهبری، و ارتباط استخراج شدند. افزون بر این، نتایج نشان داد که خرده‌مضامین ذیل هر یک از مضامین اصلی شامل نوع تکلیف، مشارکت، ارزشیابی، حمایت اجتماعی، زمان، اسنادهای علّی، باورهای خودکارآمدی، آمایه‌های ذهنی، هیجانات و مؤلفه‌های اخلاق حرفه‌ای معلم بودند. به­طور کلی، نتایج مطالعة حاضر همسو با آموزه‌های نظریة خودتعیین‌گری نشان می‌دهد که هر چند در متن استفاده از آموزش مجازی تجربة برخی محدودیت‌ها گریزناپذیر است، اما بر اساس دیدگاه دانشجویان تسهیل شرایط لازم برای تأمین نیازهای روان‌شناختی بنیادین آن‌ها در حفاظت از پویایی حیات علمی آن‌ها از نقش تعیین کننده‌ای برخوردار است. دربارة استلزامات کاربردی پژوهش حاضر با تأکید بر ضرورت توسعة سبک‌های تدریس مشوق و حمایتگر پاسخ به نیازهای روان­شناختی دانشجویان بحث شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Students' Lived Experience of Online Learning during the COVID-19 Disease: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Shokri 1
  • fateme rashidipour 2
  • muhammad sharifi 2
1 Shahid Beheshti University
2 shahid beheshti university
چکیده [English]

Interpretative phenomenological analysis is an approach offering insights into how participants make sense of their individuality and their social world and what specific events and experiences mean to them. Accordingly, researchers in the present study analyzed university students’ lived experience of virtual learning during the Coronavirus pandemic. For this purpose, 27 undergraduate and graduate students of Shahid Beheshti University were selected up to data saturation point and data were collected through online in-depth semi-structured individual interviews. After recording and rewriting the interviews, the available data were analyzed by the application of Colaizzi’s method. Three major themes were extracted from the analysis, including the feeling of adequacy and competence, autonomy and self-direction, and relatedness. In addition, based on the results, subthemes of the aforementioned major themes were as follows: task types, participation, evaluation, social support, time, causal attributions, self-efficacy beliefs, mental sets, emotions, and teacher ethics components. In general, the findings, in line with the principles of self-determination theory, showed that although facing some limitations is inevitable in the context of virtual learning, to the university students, facilitating the necessary conditions for them to meet their basic psychological needs plays an important role. Practical implications of this study were discussed by emphasizing the need to develop incentive and supportive teaching styles in response to students' psychological needs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • interpretative phenomenological analysis
  • virtual (online) learning
  • university students
  • COVID-19 disease
  • lived experience

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