اثربخشی برنامۀ بازآموزی اسنادی بر فرایندهای ارزیابی شناختی، راهبردهای حل تعارض و سازگاری زناشویی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران مرکز

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش تعیین اثربخشی بازآموزی اسنادی بر ارزیابی­های شناختی، راهبردهای حل تعارض و سازگاری زناشویی بود. روش: روش پژوهش شبه ­آزمایشی با گروه آزمایش و گواه و طرح پیش آزمون، پس آزمون و پیگیری دو ماهه و جامعه آماری 200 زن متأهل مراجعه کننده به مرکز مشاوره زندگی بهتر در شهر تهران در سال 1397 بود. از میان آن‌ها به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس 30 زن انتخاب و به­طور تصادفی در دو گروه 15 نفری جایگزین شد. ابزار پژوهش مقیاس ارزیابی استرس پیکاک و لانگ 1990، پرسشنامه سبک حل تعارض کاردک (1994) و مقیاس سازگاری زناشویی واکر و تامپسون (1983) و نیز برنامۀ بازآموزی اسنادی استینهارت و دالبیر 2008 بود که به شیوه گروهی در 10 جلسه دو ساعته هفته­ای یکبار در مورد گروه آزمایش اجرا و داده­ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس مختلط با اندازه­گیری مکرر تحلیل شد. یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد که بازآموزی اسنادی در افزایش ارزیابی چالشی (994/4 =F، 014/0 =P)، ارزیابی از منابع (065/6 =F، 001/0 =P)، راهبرد حل مثبت تعارض (764/4 =F، 002/0 =P)، سازگاری زناشویی (861/5 =F، 001/0 =P)، کاهش ارزیابی تهدید (536/7 =F، 001/0 =P)، مشغولیت تعارض (865/4 =F، 002/0 =P)، کناره­گیری از تعارض (492/6 =F، 001/0 =P) و متابعت (764/4 =F، 03/0 =P) زنان مؤثر بوده و این تأثیر در مرحله پیگیری پایدار مانده است. نتیجه­گیری: از آنجا که برنامۀ بازآموزی اسنادی از طریق تقویت راهبردهای تفکر مثبت، راهبردهای انطباقی مدیریت تجارب متعارض بین ­­فردی و غنی­سازی مهارت‌های رابطه بین­ ­فردی می­تواند در بهبود نشانگرهای چندگانه کیفیت روابط زناشویی مؤثر واقع ­شود؛ پیشنهاد می­شود که متخصصان بالینی از این شیوه برای حل تعارض افراد متأهل و افزایش سازگاری زناشویی آن‌ها استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The efficacy of Attributional Retraining Program on cognitive appraisal processes, conflict resolution strategies and marital adjustment

نویسندگان [English]

  • omid shokri 1
  • leila matini yekta 2
1 Assistant professor in Shahid Beheshti university
2 central branch of islamic azad university
چکیده [English]

Aim: purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Attributional
Retraining Program on married women’s cognitive appraisals, conflict
resolution strategies and marriage adjustment. Method: was quasiexperimental design with pretest-posttest, a two-month-follow-up and
control-group. Statistical population consisted of 200 married women
referred to “Better Life” counseling center, in Tehran city in 2018. 30 married
women were selected through convenient sampling in experimental and
control groups; each group contained 15 members randomly. Instruments:
were Stress Appraisal Measure-Revised (SAM-R, Rowley, Roesch, Jurica &
Vaughn, 2005), Conflict Resolution Strategies Questionnaire (CRSQ, Kurdek,
1994) and Marriage Adjustment Scale (MAS, Walker & Allen, 1983) were
administered for both groups and attributional retraining program, developed
by Steinhardt and Dolbier in 2008, was performed in the experimental group
in 10 two-hour-sessions once a week. Data were analyzed using repeated
measures mixed analysis of variance. Results: The statistical results of mixed
ANOVA indicated that attributional retraining program was effective in
increasing challenging appraisal (F=4.994, P=0.014), resource appraisal
(F=6.065, P=0.001), positive problem solving strategy (F=4.764, P=0.002)
and marriage adjustment (F=5.861, P=0.001) and in decreasing threat
appraisal (F=7.536, P=0.001) and negative resolution styles consisting of
conflict engagement (F=4.865, P=0.002), conflict withdrawal (F=6.492,
P=0.001) and compliance (F=4.764, P=0.02); the effects were stable in
follow-up stage. Conclusion: attributional retraining program by improving
positive thinking strategies, adaptive management skills, Interpersonal
conflicting experiences and enrichment of interpersonal relationships skills
could result in improvement of multiple indicators of marriage relations
quality in married women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • attributional retraining
  • cognitive appraisal
  • conflict resolutions
  • marriage adjustment

مراجع

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