Mediating role of childhood trauma in the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation among child laborers

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

Abstract
Aim: Purpose of study was to explain the mediation role of childhood trauma in the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation in child laborers. Methods: Method was a descriptive correlational design, and the study population consisted of all child laborers in Tehran, N= 20,000 persons. 317 child laborers between the ages of 12 to 17 were selected via multistage sampling. Data was collected using the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven (2001), the Alabama parenting questionnaire of Frick (1991) and the Childhood Trauma questionnaire, short-form Bernstein & Fink (1994). Results: Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques and results showed that parenting style and childhood trauma significantly predict adaptive cognitive emotion regulation. It was also found that childhood trauma mediates the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation. Conclusion: These results indicated the important role of childhood trauma in the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation and it is necessary to plan training parenting style programs to improve the living conditions of child laborers.

Key words: adaptive cognitive emotion regulation, childhood trauma, parenting style

Keywords

References

  1. منابع
  2. امین آبادی، زهرا.، خداپناهی، محمدکریم.، و دهقانی، محسن. (1390). نقش میانجی تنظیم هیجان شناختی در ادراک نوجوانان از ابعاد سبک‌های فرزندپروریو موفقیت تحصیلی آن‌ها. مجله علوم رفتاری. 5 (2): 117-109.
  3. پاکدامن، شهلا.، سیدموسوی، پریساسادات.، و قنبری، سعید. (1390). کیفیت دلبستگی و مشکل‌ها رفتاری- هیجانی در نوجوانان: بررسی نقش پدران. فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی. بهار، 5(17):100-85.
  4. حسنی، جعفر. (1390). بررسی اعتبار و روایی نسخه کوتاه پرسش نامه نظم جویی شناختی هیجان. تحقیقات علوم رفتاری. 9(4): 240-229.
  5. زارع شاه آبادی، اکبر.، حاجیزاده میمندی، مسعود.، اکبری قورتانی، صدیقه. (1388). نقش خانوادة نابسامان بر پدیدة کودکان کار (مطالعة موردی: استان یزد). فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی انتظام اجتماعی. پاییز، 1(3): 52-29.
  6. سامانی، سیامک.، خیر، محمد.، و صداقت، زینب. (1389). سبک‌های والدگری در گونه‌های مختلف خانواده در مدل فرایند و محتوای خانواده. فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی، 6 (22): 174-161.
  7. سامانی، سیامک.، سهرابی شگفتی، نادره.، و منصوری، سپیده سادات. (1390). نقش واسطه‌گری تنظیم ‌شناختی هیجان برای سبک والدگری و مشکل‌ها هیجانی. روش‌ها و مدل‌های روان-شناختی، 3(1): 124- 111.
  8. سامانی، فاطمه.، و حسین چاری، مسعود. (1392). بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم ‌شناختی هیجان در رابطه میان والدگری و سازگاری تحصیلی در دانشجویان. مجله‌ی روش‌ها و مدل‌های روان‌شناختی، 3(11): 98-83.
  9. مهاجری، آتنا سادات.، پوراعتماد، حمیدرضا.، شکری، امید.، و خوشابی، کتایون. (1392). اثربخشی درمان تعامل والد-کودک بر خودکارآمدی والدگری مادران کودکان دچار درخودماندگی با کنش‌وری بالا. فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی. بهار، 7(25): 25-21.
  10. Alink L.R.A, Cicchetti D., Kim J., Rogosch F.A. (2009). Mediating and moderating processes in the relation between maltreatment and psychopathology: Mother-child relationship quality and emotion regulation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37: 831–843.
  11. Bandeali, S., Jawad, A., Azmatullah, A., Bin Liaquat, H., Aqeel, I., Afzal, A., Azmat, U., Abidi, K., & Israr, S.M. (2008). Prevalence of Behavioural and Psychological Problems in Working Children. Journal Pakistan Medical Association, 58 (6): 345-349.
  12. Bernstein, D.P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzelk, K., Sapareto, E., & Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151: 1132-1136.
  13. Brophy-Herb, H. E., Zajicek-Farber, M. L., Bocknek, E. L., McKelvey, L. M., & Stansbury, K. (2013). Longitudinal Connections of Maternal Supportiveness and Early Emotion Regulation to Children’s School Readiness in Low-Income Families. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 4 (1): 2-19.
  14. Castro-Schilo,L., Ferrer,E., Taylor,Z. E.Robins,R. W., Conger,R. D., &Widaman, K. F. (2013). Parents’ optimism, positive parenting, and child peercompetence in Mexican-Origin Families. Parenting: Science and Practice, 13 (2):95–112.
  15. Davies, P. T., winter, M. A., & Cicchetti, D. (2006). The implications of emotional security theory for understanding and treating childhood psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 18: 707–735.
  16. Diallo, Y., Etienne, A., & Mehran, F. (2013). Global child labour trends 2008 to 2012. International Labour Office, International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) - Geneva: ILO.
  17. Dunn, S.E.)2009. (Childhood maltreatment and adult post-traumatic stress disorder symptomotology in abused, suicidal, low-income, African American women: A moderated mediational model. Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University.
  18. Essau, C.A., Sasagawa, S., Frick, & Frick, P.J. (2006). Psychometric Properties of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15 (5): 597–616.
  19. Frick, P. J. (1991). Alabama parenting questionnaire. Communication Studies, 48: 59-75.
  20. Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1998). Relation to sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 103 (2): 265-275.
  21. Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 30: 1311–1327.
  22. Hamdan-Mansour, A. M., Al-Gamal, E., Sultan, M.K., Matrouk, R., Al Nawaiseh, M. (2013). Health status of working children in Jordan: Comparison between working and nonworking children at schools and industrial sites. Open Journal of Nursing, 3: 55-62.
  23. Haskett M.E., Allaire J.C., Kreig S., Hart K.C. (2008). Protective and vulnerability factors for physically abused children: Effects of ethnicity and parenting context. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32 (5):567–576.
  24. Haskett, M.E., Stelter R., Proffit, K., & Nice, R. (2012). Parent emotional expressiveness and children's self-regulation: Associations with abused children's school functioning. Child Abuse & Neglect, 36 (4): 296–307.
  25. Kam, C., Greenberg, M. T., Bierman, K. L., Coie, J.D. … & Pinderhughes, E. E. (2011). Maternal depressive symptoms and child social preferenceduring the early school years: mediation by maternalwarmth and child emotion regulation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39:365–377.
  26. Kim, J., Haskett, M.E., Longo, G.S., Nice, R. (2012). Longitudinal study of self-regulation, positive parenting, and adjustment problems among physically abused children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 36 (2): 95–107.
  27. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, edition 2, Guilford press, New York & London.
  28. Lee, V., & Hoaken, P.N.S. (2007). Cognition, emotion, and neurobiological development: mediating the relation between maltreatment and aggression. Child maltreatment, 12 (3): 281-298.
  29. Raya, A. F., Ruiz-Olivares, R., Pino, J., & Herruzo, J. (2013). Parenting style and parenting practices in disabled children and its relationship with academic competence and behaviour problems. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences. 89: 702 – 709.
  30. Samuelson, K. W., Krueger, C. E., & Wilson, C. (2012). Relationships between maternal emotion regulation, parenting, and children’s executive exposed to intimate functioning in families partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27 (17): 3532–3550.
  31. Senaratna, B.C.V., Wijewardana, B.V.N. (2012).Risk behaviour of street children in Colombo.Ceylon Medical Journal, 57: 106-111.
  32. Srivastava, K. (2011). Child labour issues and challenges. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 20 (1): 1–3.
  33. Supplee, L. H., Skuban, E. M., Shaw, D. S., &Prout, J. (2009). Emotion regulation strategies and later externalizing behavior among European American and African American children. Development and Psychopathology, 21 (2): 393–415.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics