Construction and Validation of Adolescent Psychological Pathology Inventory in Cyberspace

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Facultyof Education and psychology, University of Isfhan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Psychology, Facultyof Education and psychology, University of Isfhan, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Arak, Arak, Iran

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to construct and validate an inventory of adolescent psychological pathology in cyberspace. Methods: The research method was exploratory (qualitative-quantitative). For this purpose, by using the thematic analysi, by studying articles and interviewing professors and active adolescents in cyberspace, damages were identified and based on that, an inventory was constructed and validated. The statistical population in the qualitative section included available articles, professors of Arak, Isfahan, Qazvin Imam Khomeini universities and active adolescents in cyberspace in Arak. The sample was selected by purposive method. The statistical population in the quantitative section included active adolescents in cyberspace in Arak, 800 individuals of them (400 for exploratory factor analysis and 400 for confirmatory factor analysis) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were a demographic information sheet, a researcher-made questionnaire on how to use cyberspace, and a semi-structured interview. Results: The content and face validity of the inventory were confirmed. In construct validity by exploratory factor analysis, 10 factors were extracted, which explained 78.43% of the variance. In confirmatory factor analysis, fit indicators were desirable. The reliability of the inventory was 0.98 with Cronbach's alpha and 0.82 with retest. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the constructed inventory has good validity and reliability and can be used to assess the psychological damages of adolescents in cyberspace.

Keywords

References

-خجسته، س.، و میرحسینی، ا. (1397). رابطه شبکه‌های اجتماعی با سلامت روان و هویت ملی و دینی دانش­آموزان متوسطه دوم ناحیه 1 شهرستان کرمان. جامعه‌شناسی آموزش‌وپرورش. 11(11): 112-99. ] پیوند [
-خلج آبادی فراهانی، ف. (1398). مواجهه با محتوای خارج عرف جنسی (پورنو گرافی) در اینترنت و فضای مجازی و تأثیر آن بر رفتار جنسی و روابط بین فردی نوجوانان در تهران. خانواده پژوهی. 15(1): 153-127. ] پیوند [
-درستانی، مریم.، روحانی، مهدی. (1393). پدیده‌های جدید فضای مجازی در ایران از دیدگاه کارشناسان ارتباطات. مطالعات رسانه‌ای. (3): 68-53. ] پیوند [
-رستمی نژاد، م.ع.، و شوکتی راد، ا.ر. (1395). پیش‌بینی عضویت در شبکه­های مجازی و عملکرد تحصیلی دانش­آموزان بر اساس سبک­های فرزند پروری و سازگاری. روانشناسی کاربردی: 10(3)، 208-193. ] پیوند [
-زادشیر، ف.، صابر، س.، و ابو المعالی الحسینی، خ. (1399). ساخت و تحلیل روانسنجی پرسشنامه توازن خودهای ممکن در دانش­آموزان. روانشناسی کاربردی. 14(4): 414-391. ] پیوند [
- صالحی عمران، ا.، عابدینی بلترک، م.، عزیزی شمامی، م.، و کشاورز، ک. (1397). رابطه بین اعتیاد به اینترنت و افسردگی در بین دانش­آموزان دوره متوسطه دوم شهرستان کردکوی با تأکید بر نوع شبکه­های مجازی. آموزش و سلامت جامعه. 5(1): 18-13. ] پیوند [
-فراهانی، ح.، و روشن چسلی، ر. (1398). ضروریات طراحی و رواسازی مقیاس­های روانشناختی. روانشناسی بالینی و شخصیت. 17(2): 212-197. ] پیوند [
-قاسمی، و.، عدلی پور، ص.، و برندگی، ب. (1395). تبیین رابطه استفاده از شبکه اجتماعی فیس بوک با هویت جنسیتی دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان. رسانه و فرهنگ. 6(2): 100-77. ] پیوند [
-معمار، ث.، عدلی پور، ص.، و خاکسار، ف. (1391). شبکه­های اجتماعی مجازی و بحران هویت. مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران. 1(4): 176-155.] پیوند [
-نائینیان، م.ر.، ادب­دوست، ف.، خطیبی، س.، و قمیان، ف. (1395). استفاده از اینترنت و رابطه آن با سلامت روان و کیفیت زندگی در دانش آموزان مقطع دبیرستان. روانشناسی بالینی و شخصیت. 14(2): 113-103. ] پیوند [
-Agbaria, Q. (2021). Internet addiction and aggression. Mental Health and Addiction. 18(1), 1-16. [Link]
-Baumgartner, S.E., Schuur, W.A., Lemmens, J.S., & Poel, F. (2017). The relationship between media multitasking and attention problems in adolescents. Human Communication Research. 44(1): 1-27. [Link]
-Bouhnik, D., & Mor, D. (2014). Gender differences in the moral judgment and behavior of Israeli adolescents in the internet environment. The Association for Information Science and Technology. 65 (3): 551–559. [Link]
-Caplan, S.E. (2007). Relations among loneliness, social anxiety and problematic internet use. Cyberpsychology Behavior. 10(2): 234-244. [Link]
-Coulthard, N., & Ogden, J. (2018). The impact of posting selfies and gaining feedback (likes on the psychological wellbeing of 16-25 year olds. CyberPsychology. 12(2): 32-43. [Link]
-Ding, W., Sun, J.H., Sun, Y.W., Chen, X., Zhou, Y., & Du, Y.S. (2014). Trait impulsivity and impaired prefrontal impulse inhibition function in adolescents with internet gaming addiction revealed by GO/NO-GO fmri study. Behavioral and Brain Functions. 10(1): 1-9. [Link]
-Dong, H., Yang, F., Lu, X., & Hao, W. (2020). Internet addiction and related psychological factors among children and adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease epidemic. Frontiersin Psychiatry. 11: 1-9. [Link]
-Firth, J., Torous, J., Stubbs, B., Firth, J., Steiner, G.Z., & Sarris, J. (2019). The online brain. Psychiatry. 18(2): 119-129. [Link]
-Guadix, M., Borrajo, E., & Almendros, C. (2016). Risky online behaviors among adolescents: Longitudinal relations among problematic Internet use, cyberbullying perpetration and meeting strangers online. Behavioral Addiction. 5(1): 100-107. [Link]
-Jiao, C., Wang, T., Peng, X., & Cui, F. (2017). Impaired empathy processing in individual with internet addiction disorder. Fronties in Human Neuroscience. 11(4): 1-10. [Link]
-Karsay, K., Schmuck, D., Matthes, J., & Stevic, A. (2019). Longitudinal effect of excessive smartphone use on stress and loneliness. CyberPsychology. 22(11): 706-713. [Link]
-Kim, K., Ryu, E., Chon, M.Y., Yeun, E.J., Choi, S.Y., Seo, J.S., & Nam, B.W. (2006). Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation. Nursing studies. 43(2): 185-192. [Link]
-Kim, Y., Park, J., Kim, S., Jung, I., Lim, Y., & Kim, J. (2010). The effect of internet addiction on the lifestyle and dietary behavior of Korean adolescents. Nutrition Research Practice. 4(1): 51-57. [Link]
-Lefler, N., & Barak, A. (2012). Effects of anonymity, invisibility, and lack of eye-contact on toxic online disinhibition. Computers in Human Behavior. 28(2): 434–443. [Link]
-Lin, M. P. (2020). Prevalence of internet addiction during the COVID-19 Outbreak and its risk factors among junior high school students in Taiwan.  Environmental research and public health. 17(22): 1-12. [Link]
-Mccal, C. (2013). Social cognition in the cyber age. Psychological Inquiry. 24(4): 273-292. [Link]
-Mills, K.L. (2016). Possible effect of internet use on cognititve development in adolescence. Media and Communication. 4(3): 4-12. [Link]
-Modica, CH. (2020). The associations between instagram use, selfie activities, appearance comparison, and body dissatisfaction in adult men. Cyber Psychology, Behavior and Social Networks. 23(2): 1-10. [Link]
-Mukherjee, S., Banerjee, J., & Ghoshal, A. (2020). Does internet addiction cause insomnia and low self-esteem among medical students?. Scientific Research. 9(1): 49-52. [Link]
-Nikkelen, S.W.C., Valkenburg, P.M., Huizinga, M., & Bushman, B.J. (2014). Media use and ADHD-related behaviors in children and adolescents. Developmental Psychology. 50(9): 2228-2241. [Link]
-Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wanger, A.D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. Psychological and Cognitive Sciences. 106(37): 1-5. [Link]
- Rahwan, I., Krasnoshtan, D., Shariff, A., & Bonnefon, J.-F. (2014). Analytical reasoning task reveals limits of social learning in networks. The Royal Society. 11(93): 1-7. [Link]
-Vanden Eijnden, R.J.J.M., Meerkerk, G.J., Vermulst, A.A., Sijkerman, R., & Engles, R.C.M.E. (2008). Online communication compulsive internet use and psychology well-being among adolescents. Developmental Psychology. 44: 655-665. [Link]

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics