آزمون درک ارزش آینده: طراحی و بررسی ویژگی های روان سنجی در نمونه ای از کودکان ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی

3 دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

هدف: درک ارزش آینده که از جمله کارکردهای اجرایی گرم محسوب می­ شود که به گرایش افراد برای ترجیح پاداش فوری و بی­واسطه در مقابل پاداش بزرگتر ولی با تاخیر، اشاره دارد. هدف از مطالعة حاضر طراحی نسخة فارسی آزمون ادرک ارزش آینده کودکان و بررسی ویژگی ­های روان­سنجی آن است. روش: مطالعة مقطعی حاضر بر روی 219 دانش ­آموز مقطع ابتدایی شهر تهران با میانگین سنی 72/9 و دامنه سنی 7 تا 12 سال، از طریق نمونه­ گیری در دسترس، صورت گرفت. آزمون درک ارزش آینده بر روی نمونه­ ها اجرا شد. همچنین این آزمون بر روی 35 دانش ­آموز با فاصله 3 هفته تکرار گردید. برای بررسی روایی تمیز از آزمون آماری تحلیل واریانس دو راهه، برای مقایسه میانگین نمرات استفاده شد. همچنین از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون جهت بررسی تکرار پذیری و پایایی باز­آزمون استفاده شد. یافته­ ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس، نشان دهندة تفاوت معنی­دار نمرات آزمون درک ارزش آینده، هم بین دو جنس و هم در پایه­ های تحصیلی مختلف، در سطح 05/0 بود. ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نیز برابر با 71/0 بود که نشان­ دهندة پایایی بازآزمون نتایج بود. نتیجه­ گیری: طبق نتایج این مطالعه، ارزش آینده برای دختران، نسبت به پسران بیشتر است و این آزمون یک ابزار روا و پایا برای ارزیابی درک ارزش آینده در کودکان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Delay Discounting Test: Development and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties in a Sample of Iranian Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Nejati 1
  • Azin Sarraj Khorrami 1
  • Maryam Sharifian 2
  • Mahnaz Jafarzade 3
1 Shahid Beheshti University
2 Shahid Beheshti University
3 kharazmi University
چکیده [English]

Aim: Delay discounting, as a hot executive function, refers to a tendency toward smaller immediate rewards compered to larger delayed rewards. In the present study we aimed to design a Persian version of delay discounting test and evaluation of its psychometric properties. Method: In the present cross-sectional study, 219 elementary school students were requited with the mean age of 9.72 years (7-12 years), by non- probably sampling. The delay discounting task was conducted on the subjects. This task was repeated in 35 students after 3 weeks. The ANOVA and Pearson correlation test was performed for the assessment of differential validity and test-retest reliability, respectively. Results: There was a significant difference between the educational groups and genders, at the level of p<0.05. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.71 that represents the test-retest reliability of the delay discounting test. Conclusion: According to the results of this study girls had a better performance in delay discounting than boys and this task is a reliable and valid test for the evaluation of delay discounting in children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Delay Discounting Test
  • Validity
  • Reliability

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