مدل ساختاری اعتیاد به غذا براساس حساسیت به تنبیه و پاداش: نقش میانجی ولع به غذا و پردازش هیجانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه ‌روانشناسی ‌سلامت،‌ واحد‌ تهران مرکزی،‌ دانشگاه‌آزاداسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه‌ روانشناسی،‌ دانشگاه‌ پیام‌ نور، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه‌ روانشناسی، ‌واحد ‌تهران مرکزی،‌ دانشگاه‌ آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گیلان، ایران.

10.48308/apsy.2025.237687.1728

چکیده


هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف آزمون نقش میانجی ولع به غذا و پردازش هیجانی در رابطه بین حساسیت به پاداش و تنبیه با اعتیاد به غذا انجام شد.

روش: پژوهش حاضر بنیادی از نوع توصیفی و به‌روش همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه افراد چاقی بود که در بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۲ به مراکز و کلینیک‌های تغذیه تهران مراجعه‌کردند. ۳۵۷ نفر به‌روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب‌شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از محاسبه شاخص توده‌بدنی شرکت‌کنندگان و مقیاس اعتیاد به غذای یل (گرهارد و همکاران، ۲۰۰۹)، پرسشنامه حساسیت به تنبیه و حساسیت به پاداش (کانر و همکاران، ۲۰۱۸)، پرسشنامه ولع به غذا-صفت (سپدابنیتو و همکاران، ۲۰۰۰) و مقیاس پردازش هیجانی (باکر و همکاران، ۲۰۰۷) جمع‌آوری و با استفاد از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار Amos۲۴ تحلیل شدند.

یافته‌ها: مدل با داده‌های مشاهده‌شده برازش مطلوب داشت. ضریب مسیرمستقیم بین حساسیت به تنبیه و اعتیاد به غذا منفی و معنادار بود. اثر غیرمستقیم حساسیت به تنبیه بر اعتیاد به غذا با میانجیگری ولع به غذا منفی و با میانجیگری پردازش هیجانی مثبت و معنادار بود. اثر غیرمستقیم حساسیت به پاداش بر اعتیاد به غذا با میانجیگری ولع غذا مثبت و با میانجی‌گری پردازش هیجانی منفی و معنادار بود.

نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد مشکلات پردازش هیجان، ولع غذا و حساسیت به تنبیه و پاداش نقش معناداری در سبب‌شناسی و تداوم خوردن بیمارگون ایفا می‌کنند و تمرکز بر تعامل این عوامل می‌تواند در پیشگیری و درمان مشکلات خوردن افراد دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاقی سودمند باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Model of Food Addiction based on sensitivity to punishment and reward: the Mediating Role of Food craving and Emotional Processing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Manijeh Mohebbi Rad 1
  • Amin Rafiepoor 2
  • Mojgan Sepahmansour 3
  • Sadegh Taghiloo 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Health Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Astara Branch, Islamic Azad University, Guilan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: The aim of the present study was testing the mediating role of food craving and emotional processing in the relationship between sensitivity to reward and punishment and food addiction.Method: This study was a descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included obese people who were referred to the nutrition clinics in Tehran in spring and summer of 2023. 357 participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. Body mass index, the Yale food addiction scale (Gerhard, 2009), Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward Questionnaire (Conner, 2018), food craving questionnaire-trait (SepdaBenito, 2000), and Emotional processing scale (Baker, 2007) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling through Amos24 software.Results: The model had a good fit with the observed data. The coefficient of the direct path between sensitivity to punishment and food addiction was negative and significant. The indirect effect of sensitivity to punishment on food addiction was negatively mediated by food craving and positively and significantly mediated by emotional processing. The indirect effect of sensitivity to reward on food addiction was positively mediated by food craving and negatively and significantly mediated by emotional processing. Conclusion: It seems that emotional processing problems, food craving and sensitivity to punishment and reward play a significant role in the etiology and continuation of pathological eating, and focusing on the interaction of these factors can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of eating problems in overweight and obese people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Food Addiction
  • Emotional Processing
  • Sensitivity To Punishment And Reward
  • Food Craving

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