فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی

فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی

تمایز بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی‑جبری با و بدون خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه بر اساس احساس شرم، کمال‌گرایی و خودانتقادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
10.48308/apsy.2026.243969.1994
چکیده
هدف: خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه، الگویی افراطی و همراه با همبودی بالا با اختلال وسواسی-جبری است که عوامل روان‌شناختی تمایزدهنده آن کمتر بررسی شده‌اند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف پیش‌بینی عضویت بیماران مبتلا به این اختلال در دو زیرگروه با و بدون خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه بر اساس احساس شرم، کمال‌گرایی و خودانتقادی انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع علی-مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری شامل بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز روان‌پزشکی شهر تهران در سال ۱۴۰۴ بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس ۲۰۰ نفر انتخاب شدند و براساس نقطه برش مقیاس خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه در دو گروه قرار گرفتند. ابزارها شامل پرسش‌نامه‌های وسواسی-جبری (فوا و همکاران، ۲۰۰۲)، خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه (سومر و همکاران، ۲۰۱۷)، شرم (گاس و همکاران، ۱۹۹۴)، کمال‌گرایی (فهر و همکاران، ۲۰۱۹) و خودانتقادی (گیلبرت و همکاران، ۲۰۰۴) بود. داده‌ها با روش تحلیل تمیز در نرم‌افزار SPSS26 تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: طبق نتایج، بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری دارای خیال‌پردازی ناسازگارانه، نمرات بالاتری در مولفه‌های شرم، کمال‌گرایی و خودانتقادی کسب کردند (01/0>P). کمال‌گرایی خودانتقادی با ضریب ساختاری 64/0، قوی‌ترین پیش‌بین‌کننده عضویت گروهی بود. در ادامه، احساس حقارت (62/0)، خوداعتمادی (62/0)، کمال‌گرایی سفت‌وسخت (60/0)، کمال‌گرایی خودشیفته (57/0)، خودناکافی (56/0)، خودمنفور (56/0)، احساس پوچی (55/0) و شرمساری از اشتباه (52/0) بیشترین نقش را در تمایز دو گروه ایفا کردند و ترکیب این متغیرها با دقت 90% اعضای دو گروه را متمایز کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: ارزیابی این متغیرها در تشخیص اولیه و طراحی مداخلات متمرکز بر بهبود کمال‌گرایی ناسازگار و تعدیل خودانتقادی برای این بیماران توصیه می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Differentiating Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with and without Maladaptive Daydreaming Based on Shame, Perfectionism and Self-Criticism

نویسندگان English

Narjes Ameri 1
Mahmoud Najafi 2
1 PhD Students in Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده English

Aim: Maladaptive daydreaming is an extreme pattern with high comorbidity with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet its psychological differentiating factors remain under-researched. This study aimed to predict group membership of OCD patients into two subgroups (with and without maladaptive daydreaming) based on feelings of shame, perfectionism, and self-criticism.
Method: This was a descriptive, causal-comparative study. The statistical population comprised OCD patients visiting psychiatric centers in Tehran in 2025. Using convenience sampling, 200 participants were selected and categorized into two groups based on the cutoff score of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale. Instruments included the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (Foa et al., 2002), Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (Somer et al., 2017), Experience of Shame Scale (Goss et al., 1994), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Fairweather-Schmidt et al., 2019), and Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale (Gilbert et al., 2004). Data were analyzed using discriminant analysis in SPSS26.
Results: Patients with OCD and maladaptive daydreaming scored significantly higher in shame, perfectionism, and self-criticism components (P<0.01). Self-critical perfectionism was the strongest predictor of group membership with a structure coefficient of 0.64. Subsequently, inadequacy feelings (0.62), self-reassurance (0.62), rigid perfectionism (0.60), narcissistic perfectionism (0.57), inadequate self (0.56), hated self (0.56), emptiness feelings (0.55), and shame of making mistakes (0.52) played the most prominent roles in differentiating the two groups. Together, these variables correctly classified the two groups with 90% accuracy.
Conclusion: Assessment of these variables is recommended for early diagnosis and for designing interventions targeting maladaptive perfectionism and self-criticism in these patients.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Maladaptive Daydreaming
Self-Criticism
Shame
Perfectionism
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