اثربخشی طرحواره درمانی بر کارکردهای اجرایی افراد مبتلا به مالتیپل اسکلروزیس (MS)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه روانشناسی، سلامت واحد کرج دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،کرج، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه روانشناسی سلامت واحد کرج دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی کرج، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

4 دانشیار پرستاری، واحد کرج دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی کرج ایران

5 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی ،تهران ،ایران

چکیده

هدف: بیماری مالتیپل اسکلروزیس (MS) شایع‌ترین بیماری خودایمنی و پیش رونده دستگاه اعصاب مرکزی است که اثرات منفی زیادی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بیماران دارد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر طرحواره درمانی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بیماران مبتلا به ام اس بود.
 
روش: این پژوهش از نوع شبه آزمایشی بوده و در قالب طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه گواه و پیگیری 2 ماهه انجام شد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش عبارت بود از کلیه افراد مبتلا به بیماری ام اس در تهران که در پاییز سال 1400 شمسی به یکی از مراکز درمانی شهر تهران مراجعه کرده‌اند. از میان این جامعه 30 نفر به صورت در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و گواه جایگذاری شدند. گروه آزمایش به مدت یک ماه و طی 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای تحت طرحواره درمانی هیجانی قرار گرفت و پیش و پس از مداخله و 2 ماه بعد از مداخله، هر دو گروه توسط مجموعه آزمون‌های ویننا (آزمون CORSI، آزمون INHIB و آزمون WAFV) مورد سنجش کارکردهای اجرایی قرار گرفتند.
 
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس آمیخته نشان داد طرحواره درمانی به‌طور معناداری فراخنای حافظه فعال را افزایش داد (F=3.9, P<0.05)، خطای کنترل مهاری را کاهش داد (F=6.51, P<0.005) و توجه پایدار را بهبود بخشید (F=8.21, P<0.001).
 
نتیجه‌گیری: این نتایج حاکی از این است که اصلاح طرحواره‌های ناسازگار باعث بهبود معنادار کارکردهای اجرایی بیماران مبتلا به ام اس می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of schema therapy on executive functions in people with multiple sclerosis (MS)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Hadeli 1
  • Javid Peimani 2
  • Ali Reza Pir Khaefi 3
  • Mansooreh tajvidi 4
  • Mahmood Heidari 5
1 Ph.D candidate of department of health psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 Assistant professor of department of health psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
3 Assossiate professor of department of psychology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.
4 Assossiate professor, department of Midwifery, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
5 Assossiate Professor of Psychology, department of psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune and progressive disorder of the central nervous system that negatively affects patients’ executive functions. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on executive functions in individuals with MS.
 
Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest–posttest design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population included individuals with MS who referred to medical centers in Tehran during the fall of 1400 AH. Thirty participants were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received emotional schema therapy over one month in eight 90-minute sessions. Executive functions were assessed in both groups before the intervention, immediately after, and at follow-up using the Vienna Test System (CORSI, INHIB, and WAFV tests).
 
Results: Mixed-design ANOVA revealed that schema therapy significantly increased working memory span (F = 3.90, p < 0.05), reduced inhibitory control errors (F = 6.51, p < 0.005), and improved sustained attention (F = 8.21, p < 0.001).
 
Conclusion: These findings indicate that modifying maladaptive schemas can significantly enhance executive functions in patients with MS.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Schema Therapy
  • Executive Functions
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

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