فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی

فصلنامه روان‌شناسی کاربردی

مرور نظام‌مند اثربخشی مداخلات غیردارویی در کاهش و پیشگیری از مصرف سیگار، الکل و موادمخدر بین نوجوانان و جوانان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار پژوهشکده خانواده دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 دکتری روانشناسی بالینی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی خانواده دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
10.48308/apsy.2026.244879.2041
چکیده
هدف: سوءمصرف مواد، دخانیات و الکل در دوره‌های نوجوانی و جوانی، به دلیل مواجهه زودهنگام و پیامدهای مخرب، از مخاطرات عمده سلامت عمومی محسوب می‌شود. این مطالعه با هدف سنتز و واکاوی شواهد تجربی پیرامون کارآمدی مداخلات غیردارویی در پیشگیری و کاهش مصرف در میان نوجوانان و دانشجویان ایرانی انجام شد.
روش: این پژوهش مرور نظام‌مند بر اساس بیانیه PRISMA، با جست‌وجوی جامع در پایگاه‌های PubMed، PsycINFO، SID، Magiran و منابع دستی تدوین گردید. از ۴۵۳ سند شناسایی‌شده، پس از حذف موارد تکراری و غربالگری عنوان و چکیده، متن کامل ۵۷ مقاله بررسی شد و نهایتاً ۲۵ مطالعه اصیل (۲۰ مقاله علمی‌ـ‌پژوهشی و ۵ پایان‌نامه) وارد سنتز روایی ساختاریافته شدند.
یافته‌ها: غالب مداخلات مدرسه‌محور و متمرکز بر آموزش مهارت‌های زندگی، تاب‌آوری، خودآگاهی و جرأت‌مندی بودند. این برنامه‌ها بر ارتقای دانش، اصلاح نگرش، خودکارآمدی و کاهش آمادگی اعتیاد اثر مثبت معناداری داشتند. با این حال، شواهد معطوف به کاهش عینی و پایدار رفتار مصرف محدود بوده و در زمینه الکل، بسترهای دانشگاهی، مداخلات خانواده‌محور و چندسطحی، خلأهای پژوهشی برجسته‌ای وجود داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: مداخلات غیردارویی در ایران ظرفیت مطلوبی برای تعدیل پیشایندهای شناختی و روان‌شناختی خطر مصرف دارند؛ اما اثبات اثربخشی پایدار در مهار عینی مصرف، مستلزم اجرای کارآزمایی‌های کنترل‌شده با متغیرهای رفتاری استاندارد و ارزیابی‌های طولی در پژوهش‌های آتی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Preventing Substance and Alcohol Use in Iranian Youth: A Systematic Review

نویسندگان English

Ali Zadeh Mohmmadi 1
Vahid Malekpour 2
Matin Asadi Nikuian 3
1 Associate Professor, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University
2 PhD in Clinical Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University
3 Master's student in clinical family psychology, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده English

Aim: Substance use, tobacco, and alcohol during adolescence and young adulthood are major public health concerns because of early initiation and their psychological, academic, and social consequences. This review aimed to synthesize evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for preventing and reducing substance use and related high-risk behaviors among Iranian adolescents and university students.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted through electronic and manual searches of PubMed, PsycINFO, SID, Magiran, and supplementary sources. Of 453 identified records, 94 duplicates were removed and 359 records were screened. After applying eligibility criteria, 334 records were excluded and 25 studies, including 20 articles and 5 theses, were included in a structured narrative synthesis.
Results: Interventions were predominantly school-based, educational, and skills-oriented. Programs focusing on life skills, resilience, self-awareness, assertiveness, and problem-solving generally improved knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, addiction readiness, and preventive behaviors. However, evidence for direct and sustained reductions in actual use was limited, particularly for alcohol. University-based, family-based, multilevel interventions, and long-term follow-up were scarce.
Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions appear promising for modifying cognitive and psychological risk factors, but stronger controlled studies with standardized behavioral outcomes and longer follow-up are required to establish sustained reductions in actual substance use across diverse Iranian populations nationwide.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Iranian Students
Substance Abuse
Systematic Review
Non-Pharmacological Intervention
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